( 4), write ( 2), execute ( 1), for directories, allow others to search (1) The fourth digit = permissions for other users NOT in the file's group: read Write ( 2), and execute ( 1), for directories, allow groups to search (1) The third digit = permissions for other users in the file's group: read ( 4), ( 2), and execute ( 1), for directories, allow owner to search (1) The second digit = permissions for the user who owns the file: read ( 4), write ID ( 4) and set group ID ( 2) and sticky bit ( 1) The first digit = selects attributes for the set user To mode, which can be either an octal number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions or a symbolic representation of changes to make, ( +-= rwxXstugoa) Numeric (absolute) mode:Īny omitted digits are assumed to be leading zeros. chmod +x filename.sh to make filename.sh executable. Using letters is easier to understand for most people. Mode can be specified with octal numbers or with letters. To mode, where mode describes the permissions to modify. I Remove all inherited entries from the named file(s) ACL(s).Ĭhmod changes the permissions of each given file according i Remove the 'inherited' bit from all entries in the named file(s) ACLs. +a# mode Insert a new ACL entry with specific ordering N Remove the ACL from the named file(s). C Returns false if any of the named files have ACLs in non-canonical E Read the ACL information from stdin, as a sequential list of ACEs, This option is non-standard and its use in scripts is not recommended. v -v Very Verbose: display both old and new modes of the file in both octal and symbolic notation, v Verbose, show filenames as the mode is modified, this option is non-standard and Itself rather than the file that the link points to. h If the file is a symbolic link, change the mode of the link f Do not display a diagnostic message if chmod could not modify the mode for file. (by default Symbolic links within the tree are not followed.) R -H Follow symbolic links on the command line Take care to not run recursive chmod on the root '/' directory or any other system directory. R Recurse: Change the mode of file hierarchies rooted in the files
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